Spain, the name speaks for itself. This country has one of the most dynamic, if not ‘the’ most dynamic history’s in all of history. It dates as far back as Prehistoric Iberia, which later over a period of time became properly known as the Iberian Peninsula. This is said to be where Homosapiens first visited more than 35,000 years ago. The Iberian Peninsula eventually became invaded and colonized by the Celts, Phoenicians, Greeks, Carthaginians, Romans and Visigoths. While these invasions were populating Spain; in 711 A.D., a Berber and Arab army, named the Moors by the Spanish, captured the entire peninsula. For the next 750 years, independent Muslim states were established, and the entire area of Muslim control became known as Al-Andalus.

While the conquering of the Iberian Peninsula was in full force, the influential Christians kingdoms of the north were slowly but surely making efforts to rebuild the peninsula, and eventually taking back the Iberian Peninsula from the Muslims, a process called the Reconquista. The reconquest extended well into the middle Ages, over a period of 800 years, and finally concluded in 1492 with the fall of Granada.

The conquest gave rise to the Kingdom of Spain and unification of the Kingdom of Castile and the Kingdom of Aragon. The year 1492 is very popular for the voyage of Christopher Columbus into the New World and the growth of the Spanish Empire. The Christians had established the Inquisition at this time. It basically meant if you were not Christian and had no intention on converting; then you would be expelled from the country.

In the 16, 17 and 1800′s, Spain began to dominate the world, making it the most important colonial power in the world, which included the most powerful state in Renaissance Europe. Spain had become the epicenter for acquiring scholarships, learning Spanish literature and fine arts. Soon, its popularity mushroomed into the Americas, stretching from California to Patagonia (the southernmost parts of South America). The colonies in which Spain controlled financed countless wars and schemes of Europe; however, it was not always peaches and cream for Spain, there was economic damage and a gradual decline of power during the 17th century thanks primarily to the incompetent Habsburg (a royal house of Europe) regime. The War of Spanish Succession ended Spain’s power of dominance; yet, its colonial power was still untouchable.

The French occupation of much of the continent ended Spain colonial power, giving independence to mainland American colonies. And then a civil war broke out, ending in dictatorship rule, led by Francisco Franco until 1975. Spain had reached stalemate status during World War II and slowly begun to establish democratic rule in the 1960′s and early 1970′s. The death of Francisco Franco meant the rise of Prince (King) Juan Carlos and the establishment of modern democracy, leading to one of the fastest-growing standards of living in Europe. Now Spain is one of the world’s most often toured countries today.

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